The Neutral Beam Injection (NBI) is a method for increasing the plasma temperature and driving currents in magnetically-confined fusion plasmas by injecting neutral hydrogen/deuterium beams. As the ...

Electron affinity, defined as the energy released when an electron attaches to a neutral atom, is a fundamental parameter in understanding atomic reactivity and material properties. Negative ion ...

Do you ever wonder why it feels so good to be outdoors, in the woods, on the water and especially around waterfalls? Negative ions might be the answer. Negative air ions are actually positive ...

Deterministic single-ion implantation. Courtesy: K Groot-Berning, University of Mainz A new technique for reliably inserting single-ion impurities into a crystal and with a precision of just tens of ...