Scapular kinematics and muscle activity are fundamental aspects of shoulder function and rehabilitation. The scapula serves not only as a base for multiple muscular attachments but also as a dynamic ...

Background: It is important to deal with the scapula when developing rehabilitation strategies for the shoulder complex. This requires clinical measurement tools that are readily available and easy to ...

Scaption is the action of lifting your arms from your sides and bringing them forward at a 30- to 45-degree angle. Building scapular strength can improve stability in your shoulder joint and reduce ...

1 Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Laboratory of Exercise Physiology (LPE EA 4338), University Hospital, Saint-Etienne, France 2 Department of Orthopedics Surgery, University ...

The level of reliability obtained when using two different methods of calculation of relative movement was assessed for the healthy subjects. Within the same session, reliability of both methods was ...

The 3DSA measurement method used in the present study has previously been shown to be accurate and valid. [8] The present results confirm its reliability for the measurement of 3DSA at rest and at two ...