When plants evolved a vascular system containing cells that facilitate the transport of water and nutrients, this not only allowed them to conquer land, but also provided the structural stability that ...

Asymmetrically transported auxin-efflux carriers cause a polarized flow of auxin, which leads to the formation of continuous columns of procambial cells. In addition, one or more ...

These are distributed differently in roots and stems. In the root, the xylem forms a central column. It forms a solid support. The phloem is towards the centre, outside the xylem. Any green part of a ...

We have investigated the consequences of endogenous limitations in oxygen delivery for phloem transport in Ricinus communis. In situ oxygen profiles were measured directly across stems of plants ...

Sieve elements are a key component of phloem, the conductive tissue through which plants transport carbohydrates and a wide range of signalling molecules. Elongated cylindrical cells are capped at one ...

Colchicine has been demonstrated by ion-exchange and by gelfiltration assay to bind to a protein fraction derived from the higher plant Heracleum mantegazzianum. Colchicine-binding protein from a ...

Companion cells provide the energy for the sieve cells. The end walls of the sieve cells have pores through which sugar is transported from cell to cell.

You probably don’t think you need a botany lesson when all you want to know is how to keep your Christmas tree fresh this season. But explaining a few things might make the whole process make sense.