DNA is fundamental to the biology of all life on Earth, but how many of us actually know what it is or what it's made of?

There are 20 amino acids that make up proteins and all have the same basic structure, differing only in the R-group or side chain they have. Amino acids are in an equilibrium between two acids with ...

Proteins are built from smaller units called amino acids, which are specified by three-nucleotide mRNA sequences called codons. Each codon represents a particular amino acid, and each codon is ...