after World War I to advance their empires’ economic and political interests. They carved up the Middle East map with the stroke of a pen, and we have lived with the consequences ever since.

Since the conflict escalated in 2012, the Syrian civil war has been defined by intervention from other actors across the world ... and outside of the Middle East, such as Russia and Iran.

Russian forces have slowly expanded the amount of territory they control over the past year, mostly in the east of Ukraine ... changes not reflected in the maps.

Their priorities, preferences and aspirations seem almost beside the point in Mr. Trump’s ambition to redraw the map of the world along ... of the modern Middle East, with little regard ...

Over the last year, the war in Ukraine has morphed from a multi-front invasion that included Kyiv in the north to a conflict of attrition largely concentrated along a 600-mile stretch in the east ...