When high-energy radiation interacts with water in living organisms, it generates particles and slow-moving electrons that ...

Renewable sources, including solar, wind, and hydro, now produce roughly a quarter of America's electricity, and when combined with wind, make up 98% of new energy capacity in the US. But how do solar ...

Abstract: Recently, selective fragmentation of polyatomic molecules using the carrier-envelope phase (CEP) of few-cycle ionizing laser pulses as the control parameter [1] has been demonstrated [2]. It ...

A semiconductor is a material or device that only conducts electricity under certain conditions. Some elements in the periodic table, such as carbon, silicon, and germanium, are intrinsic ...

It’s a helpful rule of thumb: Main group elements prefer forming bonds that give them eight valence electrons; transition metals go for 18 electrons. Now scientists have shown that main group elements ...

James is a published author with multiple pop-history and science books to his name. He specializes in history, space, strange science, and anything out of the ordinary.View full profile James is a ...

The distribution of outermost shell electrons, known as valence electrons, of organic molecules was experimentally observed for the first time by a team led by Nagoya University in Japan. As the ...

Valence Electron Examples: Valence electrons play an important role in the field of chemistry, affecting how atoms interact and bond with each other. These outermost electrons are responsible for ...

Article subjects are automatically applied from the ACS Subject Taxonomy and describe the scientific concepts and themes of the article. Any course in chemistry would not be complete without a ...